The assurance layer.
12 accredited validation and verification bodies, and the assurance and advisory firms around them, that stand behind credible climate projects. The data vendors and the credit-rating agencies sit in Solutions; this is the audit and assurance layer.
SCS Global Services
ExternalA leading accredited validation and verification body for carbon and forestry projects across the major crediting standards.
Bureau Veritas
ExternalA global testing, inspection and certification group, accredited to validate and verify greenhouse-gas and carbon-credit projects.
TÜV SÜD
ExternalA global technical-services organisation and accredited verifier of carbon and renewable-energy projects.
Earthood
ExternalOne of the largest carbon validation and verification bodies, India-based with a heavy footprint across Global-South projects.
Aster Global
ExternalAn accredited validation and verification body specialising in forestry, agriculture and land-use carbon projects.
SustainCert
ExternalA certification and verification body, spun out of Gold Standard, verifying carbon projects and corporate value-chain interventions.
Preferred by Nature
ExternalA non-profit offering certification, verification and capacity-building for sustainable land use, forestry and carbon.
South Pole
ExternalA climate project developer and advisory firm working across carbon-project development, finance and corporate strategy.
RINA Services S.p.A.
ExternalA Genoa-based validation and verification body (Verra VVB ID 005), UNFCCC-accredited and approved for VCS, CCB and SD VISta, also accredited under Gold Standard and for ISO 14064-2 GHG project audits.
AENOR CONFIA
ExternalA Madrid-based validation and verification body (Verra VVB ID 024), ANAB-accredited for VCS, CCB and SD VISta, performing carbon validations since 2008 across Latin America, Africa and Asia.
4K Earth Sciences
ExternalA Bangalore-based validation and verification body (Verra VVB ID 054), ANAB-accredited for VCS, CCB and SD VISta across 14 sectoral scopes renewed in March 2025, and part of the International Carbon Registry VVB network.
EPIC Sustainability Services
ExternalA Bengaluru-based validation and verification body (Verra VVB ID 048), ANAB-accredited for VCS and CCB since 2013 and SD VISta since 2019, also serving CDM, Gold Standard, Plan Vivo and Social Carbon audits.